Research on SDG 13
Baku State University (BSU) has placed climate action at the core of its sustainability and research agenda, aligning with Sustainable Development Goal 13 (SDG 13) – Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts. Recognizing Azerbaijan’s vulnerability to rising temperatures, increasing aridity, and land degradation, BSU researchers are actively contributing to global and national efforts to mitigate climate risks and build resilience.
Research at BSU covers diverse dimensions of climate change science, from renewable energy innovations and CO₂ conversion technologies to climate-smart agriculture, water resource management, and climate-resilient infrastructure. Recent studies have examined the role of solar collectors in Azerbaijan’s energy transition, the potential of solar-hydrogen systems for reducing fossil fuel dependency, and the application of GIS and remote sensing tools for climate monitoring. Other projects explore eco-friendly agricultural practices, such as biochar-based seed coatings, and the development of smart infrastructure solutions that align with COP-29 goals.
A central theme in BSU’s climate-related research is the integration of scientific knowledge with practical solutions for policy and industry. By investigating CO₂ utilization methods, advancing photocatalytic technologies, and studying ecosystem resilience, BSU provides evidence-based insights that can support Azerbaijan’s commitments and the country’s upcoming role in hosting COP-29.
Through collaborative projects with international universities, governmental agencies, and NGOs, BSU is fostering innovation in climate adaptation and mitigation strategies. The university’s research not only contributes to scientific advancement but also strengthens Azerbaijan’s capacity to address pressing environmental challenges, ensuring that climate action is integrated into sustainable development pathways.
For all SDGs related articles please visit : https://www.scopus.com/pages/organization/60071969#tab=sdgs
1. Authors: Garazade I.M., Gupta R.K., Singh K.N., Kuznetsov M.L., Mohan B.
Focus: Catalytic CO₂ conversion through cycloaddition to epoxides for cyclic carbonates.
Methods: Review of metal-coordinated complexes (Schiff base ligands, 2D complexes, MOFs) and mechanistic insights.
Findings: Lewis acidic sites enhance catalytic activity; challenges remain with selectivity and scalability.
Recommendation: These catalysts show promise for sustainable industrial CO₂ utilization.
🔗 Full text
2. Authors: Tayyar A.E., Gasim N., Biçen Ö.F., Mukhtarov S.
Focus: Effects of climatic factors on Türkiye's agricultural GDP share (1970–2022).
Methods: Econometric methods (BMA for variable selection, A-ARDL for long-term analysis).
Findings: Minimum average temperature positively affects agriculture; CO₂ emissions, ground temperature, and cultivated area negatively impact it.
Recommendation: Türkiye needs tailored climate-smart agricultural policies.
🔗 Full text
3. Authors: Salmanova F.A., Salamov O.M., Mustafayeva R.M., Mahmudova T.A., Nurubeyli T.K., +3 authors
Focus: Thermal efficiency of solar water heating collectors in Azerbaijan’s Absheron Peninsula.
Methods: Two-dimensional heat transfer modeling and numerical simulation (spline method, Turbo Pascal).
Findings: The computational model accurately predicts thermal behavior of solar collectors.
Recommendation: Solar collectors offer a viable renewable energy alternative for Azerbaijan.
🔗 Full text
4. Authors: Tagiyeva S.F., Osmanova S.N., Rustamova A.I., Pashayeva F.K., Muradkhanov R.M., +2 authors
Focus: Continuous-flow process for CO₂ conversion to methanol at atmospheric pressure.
Methods: Co–Pd/Siral catalyst with two-stage reaction (hydrogenation + partial oxidation).
Findings: Pd addition enhances methanol yield via Pd–PdO redox cycle; synergistic role of Co and Pd.
Recommendation: Process shows potential for selective CO₂-to-methanol conversion.
🔗 Full text
5. Authors: Teymurova V.E., Abdullayeva S., Muradova K., Aslanova M.M., Bayramli M.
Focus: Environmental challenges in Azerbaijan and their economic/trade impacts.
Methods: Indicators such as atmospheric emissions and HDI analyzed.
Findings: Air pollution, land degradation, and climate change cause economic losses; human capital is key to solutions.
Recommendation: Strengthen vocational education, innovation, and clean technologies to drive sustainability.
🔗 Full text
6. Authors: Mukhametov A.E., Moreva E.L., Bayramli M., Smirnov A.V., Egorov I.
Focus: Diversification strategy for Arabian Peninsula economies.
Methods: Economic structure and oil price trend analysis (1970–2023).
Findings: Reliance on oil is unsustainable; diversification into digital, renewable, and tourism sectors is essential.
Recommendation: SMART diversification strategies ensure macroeconomic and political stability.
🔗 Full text
7. Authors: Najafov B.A., Nasirov S.N.
Focus: Solar-hydrogen energy and thin-film solar cells for renewable applications.
Methods: Plasma deposition of thin films (a−Si₁₋ₓCₓ:H, a−C:H, nc-C:H) in bilayer p-i-n structures.
Findings: nc-C:H-based cells achieved highest stability and 9.6% peak efficiency; irradiation improved film quality during but not after production.
Recommendation: Solar-hydrogen systems are promising for reducing fossil fuel dependence and enhancing energy sustainability.
🔗 Full text
8. Authors: Orujova T.Y., Gurbanova U.A.
Focus: Biochemical diversity of the Chenopodiaceae family and adaptation to harsh environments.
Methods: Analysis of C4 photosynthesis regulation and biochemical adaptability in arid/saline conditions.
Findings: Enhanced water-use efficiency supports plant survival in extreme conditions.
Recommendation: Insights can inform biotechnology to improve crop resilience under climate change.
🔗 Full text
9. Authors: Mustafayeva G.A., Mammadova S.Y., Balajayeva T.P.
Focus: Climate-resilient infrastructure aligned with COP-29 goals.
Methods: Mixed-methods study analyzing economic, health, and investor impacts.
Findings: Sustainable infrastructure improves cost efficiency, public health, and investor confidence.
Recommendation: Climate considerations must be integrated into infrastructure planning for resilience and competitiveness.
🔗 Full text
10. Authors: Huseynova G., Valiyeva A., Tahmezli E., Surkhayli S., Tahmezli M.
Focus: Water quality and climate impact monitoring in Azerbaijan’s Guba-Khachmaz region.
Methods: Multivariate analysis + GIS + Google Earth Engine integration.
Findings: Improved climate forecasting in arid zones; GIS enhances water resource management.
Recommendation: Wider adoption of GIS-based monitoring can support sustainable water management under climate change.
🔗 Full text
11. Authors: Najafov B.A., Nasirov S.N., Neymetov S.R.
Focus: Advances in solar-hydrogen technologies for green hydrogen production.
Methods: Photoelectrochemical systems, photocatalytic splitting, pilot plants, and bioinspired hydrogels.
Findings: Deposition techniques affect thin-film hydrogenated structures, improving efficiency and stability.
Recommendation: Scaling up these innovations can accelerate fossil fuel reduction and emission cuts.
🔗 Full text
12. Authors: Samadova U.F., Aligayev A.K., Ismail P.M., Xia P., Qiao L.
Focus: Perovskite ZnMoFeO₃ nanosheets as photocatalysts for CO₂ reduction.
Methods: Visible-light photocatalysis with narrow bandgap material.
Findings: Achieved stable CO₂ conversion into CO and CH₄ through formaldehyde/carbine pathways.
Recommendation: ZnMoFeO₃ nanosheets are a cost-effective candidate for sustainable CO₂ utilization.
🔗 Full text
13. Authors: Mustafazade T., Maharram M., Akhundzada H.V.N., Khankishiyeva R.F.
Focus: Eco-friendly wheat seed coatings using chitosan-biochar composites.
Methods: CS-BC composites tested at different ratios for germination and soil health.
Findings: CS-BC 4:1 improved germination rates (+30%) and soil organic carbon (+12%).
Recommendation: Sustainable seed coatings can reduce synthetic agrochemical use, though field trials are needed.
🔗 Full text
14. Authors: Amiraslanova M.S., Babazade R.A.H., Musabayli K.K.M.
Focus: Vegetation mapping with high-resolution remote sensing + AI.
Methods: UAV and satellite multispectral imaging, machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) classification.
Findings: Automated feature extraction/classification produced precise vegetation maps.
Recommendation: Integration of AI + remote sensing supports agriculture, biodiversity, and climate studies.
🔗 Full text
15. Authors: Azizkhanli S.A., Aliyeva S.B.
Focus: Environmental impact of capacitor films (PP, PC, PPS).
Methods: Life cycle assessment (LCA).
Findings: PPS had highest footprint, PC moderate, PP lowest (most sustainable).
Recommendation: Using PP films in capacitors reduces environmental and fossil fuel impact.
🔗 Full text
16. Authors: Khang A., Abdullayev V.H., Litvinova E.I., Gadirova E.M., Avramović Z.Ž.
Focus: IoT and bioelectronics for sustainable waste treatment.
Methods: Review and practical applications of smart waste treatment technologies.
Findings: IoT-enabled bioelectronics can improve efficiency and sustainability in waste management.
Recommendation: Adoption of green digital technologies is essential for future sustainable waste solutions.
🔗 Full text
17. Authors: Mejidov A.A., Guliyeva E.A.A., Fatullayeva P.A., Yalçın B., Özdemir M., +1 author
Focus: Synthesis and properties of mixed-metal polymeric complex [CoxMn1-x(maleate)(H2O)2]n.
Methods: X-ray, spectroscopy, EPR, and voltammetry for structural and redox analysis.
Findings: Maleate acted as bidentate ligand; Mn and Co centers displayed distinct redox behaviors.
Recommendation: Mixed-metal complexes show potential in materials science and catalysis applications.
🔗 Full text
