Research on SDG 2
Food security and sustainable agriculture are fundamental to achieving global development and human well-being. The United Nations’ SDG 2: Zero Hunger aims to end hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture by 2030. While global progress has been made in reducing hunger, recent crises—including climate change, armed conflicts, and the COVID-19 pandemic—have disrupted food systems and reversed many of the earlier gains. Today, hunger and malnutrition continue to affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide, with rural populations, children, and vulnerable households at the greatest risk.
For Baku State University (BSU), the objectives of SDG 2 resonate strongly with its mission of fostering sustainable development in Azerbaijan and beyond. As a leading academic and research institution, BSU contributes to this goal by advancing studies in agricultural sciences, biology, environmental management, and public health, while also engaging in interdisciplinary research on food security and rural development. The university’s partnerships with government agencies, international organizations, and local communities further enhance its capacity to generate practical solutions for ensuring sustainable food production and equitable access to nutrition.
By integrating SDG 2 into teaching, research, and community outreach, BSU not only supports Azerbaijan’s national priorities in food security and agricultural modernization but also strengthens its role as a regional hub for sustainability-focused knowledge. Through innovation, capacity-building, and awareness-raising, the university contributes to building resilient food systems that can withstand climate and economic shocks, ultimately aligning with the global agenda of eradicating hunger and promoting sustainable livelihoods.
All SDGs related articles please visit: https://www.scopus.com/pages/organization/60071969#tab=sdgs
Authors: Tayyar A., Emrah G., Nijat B., Ömer F., Mukhtarov S.
Focus: Climatic impacts on agriculture in Türkiye (1970–2022).
Methods: Bayesian Model Averaging + ARDL.
Findings:
Minimum average temperature ↑ → agricultural GDP share ↑.
CO₂ emissions, ground temperature, and cultivated area → negative effects.
Implication: Need for climate-smart policies integrating emission reduction and efficient land use.
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Authors: Sultana S., Altaf U.N., Islam M.R., Rahman F., +7.
Focus: Mitigating NaCl-induced stress in tomatoes.
Methods: Application of KNO₃, H₂O₂, CaCl₂ individually and in combination.
Findings: Combined application provides strongest growth and stress tolerance.
Implication: Promising approach to enhance productivity under saline conditions.
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Authors: Kamruzzaman M., Siddiqui M.N., Rustamova S., Ballvora A., Léon J.
Focus: Genetic regulation of root–shoot growth in wheat.
Methods: Genome-wide association study of 150 cultivars.
Findings: 108 marker-trait associations linked to ion binding, transport, oxidation-reduction.
Implication: Genetic basis for breeding stress-tolerant wheat.
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Authors: Orujova T.Y., Gurbanova U.A.
Focus: Biochemical diversity in Chenopodiaceae family.
Findings: C₄ photosynthesis enhances water-use efficiency and stress resilience.
Implication: Biotechnological potential for climate-adaptive crops.
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Authors: Mammadova R., Akparov Z., Amri A.B., Alo F., +3.
Focus: SSR-based diversity analysis of 45 wheat genotypes.
Findings: Nine primers polymorphic; unique drought-tolerant genotypes identified.
Implication: Valuable resources for breeding resilient wheat.
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Authors: Mammadov G., Mammadova S., Yusifova M., Isayeva S., Osmanova S., +2.
Focus: Soil fertility and sustainable land management.
Methods: Field analyses, bonitet scoring, agroecological scales.
Findings: Highest fertility in mountain-meadow and mountain-gray-brown soils.
Implication: Basis for sustainable land-use strategies in Azerbaijan.
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Authors: Mustafazade T., Maharram M., Akhundzada H.V., Khankishiyeva R.
Focus: Eco-friendly seed coatings.
Findings: CS–BC (4:1) ↑ germination, vigor, soil carbon.
Implication: Sustainable agriculture tool; needs field validation.
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Authors: Hashem A., Almutairi K.F., Alshaikh N.A., Kumar A., Wu Q.S., +2.
Focus: Role of AMF in nutrient uptake and stress resistance.
Findings: Improve soil structure, activate defense genes, alter metabolism.
Implication: Natural ally for sustainable agriculture and pest management.
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Authors: Azam S., Rahayu S., Saba A., Anvar A.H., Irfan M.
Focus: Role of interleukins in RA pathology.
Findings: High IL-1, IL-6, IL-17, IL-18, IL-21, IL-23 contribute to joint damage.
Implication: Targeted biologics offer promise in RA management.
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Authors: Amiraslanova M.S., Babazade R.A., Musabayli K.M.
Focus: UAV + satellite multispectral data for vegetation.
Methods: ML + deep learning.
Findings: Accurate mapping of vegetation cover, species, and structure.
Implication: Applications in agriculture, forestry, biodiversity, climate monitoring.
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Authors: Macnunlu K., Babazade R.H., Hasanova T.
Focus: Soil and crop health via remote sensing (NDVI, SAVI).
Findings: Precision farming + green manure practices improve sustainability.
Implication: Supports long-term food security and land optimization.
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Authors: Mammadov G., Mammadova S., Yusifova M., Sadigov R., Ahmedova G.
Focus: Soil fertility for grape cultivation.
Findings: Tailored fertility management enhances viticulture sustainability.
Implication: Integrates eco-friendly and traditional methods for productivity.
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Authors: Ojaghi J., Nuriyeva S., Salayeva S., Eldarov M., Akparov Z.
Focus: SSR-based genetic variation in 50 wheat accessions.
Findings: 42 alleles identified; significant polymorphism.
Implication: Useful for genetic diversity studies and wheat breeding.
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Authors: Imanov F., Aliyev S., Aliyev E., Nuriyev A., Snow D.
Focus: Water flow and ecological health.
Findings: Flow alteration from irrigation/reservoir construction; water quality fluctuations.
Implication: Need for comprehensive ecological flow management.
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Authors: Mammadova R., Amri A., Akparov Z., Alo F., Sheikhzamanova F., +4.
Focus: Diversity of durum wheat genotypes.
Findings: 31 alleles, high PIC (0.912); drought-tolerance potential.
Implication: Provides resilient cultivars for breeding programs.
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Authors: Guseinova N.T., Asadova B.G.
Focus: Biomorphological + molecular diversity in apple varieties.
Findings: Rare alleles linked to long-term fruit preservation identified.
Implication: Supports conservation and breeding of Azerbaijani apples.
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Authors: Amrahov N.R., Aghazada G.A., Alizada S.R., Mehdiyeva G.V., Mammadova R.B., +2.
Focus: Role of SA, IAA, GA in plant immune responses.
Findings: Hormonal crosstalk critical for defense vs. energy conservation.
Implication: Insights for enhancing plant immunity in crop protection.
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