Research on SDG 6

Baku State University (BSU), as one of Azerbaijan’s leading higher education institutions, recognizes the importance of addressing global challenges set out in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Among them, SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation holds special relevance for the country and the wider region, where water management, access to safe drinking water, and the protection of aquatic ecosystems remain pressing issues.

BSU’s existing strengths in ecology, biology, and environmental sciences provide a strong foundation for contributing to this goal. Through its research centers and field stations, the university engages in studies related to water quality monitoring, ecosystem protection, and sustainable use of natural resources. These activities create opportunities for both interdisciplinary research and practical solutions that support national priorities in environmental protection and public health.

By aligning its research with global SDG 6 priorities—such as safe drinking water, wastewater treatment, and integrated water resources management—BSU aims to bridge scientific knowledge with practical applications. This alignment not only addresses local and regional water challenges but also positions the university as an active contributor to international sustainability efforts.

Through its focus on clean water and sanitation, BSU demonstrates how higher education institutions can play a transformative role in building sustainable communities. The university’s commitment to SDG 6 is reflected in its efforts to combine education, research, and community outreach to create lasting impact for Azerbaijan and beyond.

For all SDGs related articles please visit : https://www.scopus.com/pages/organization/60071969#tab=sdgs

1. Authors: Yuennan, J., Al-Sulaimi, S.S., Karimov, M.K., Guesmi, A., Channuie, P.
Focus: Visible-light activated W0.5Ag0.5FeO3 nanoparticles for tetracycline degradation.
Methods: Photocatalysis with peroxymonosulfate.
Findings: High efficiency, broad pH range, multiple reactive species, stable system.
Recommendation: Green solution for wastewater treatment.
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2. Authors: Naghiyeva, U.N., Hajiyeva, S.R., Hajiyeva, F.V., Bracciale, M.P., Bavasso, I.
Focus: Pomegranate peel–Fe3O4 biosorbents for crude oil removal.
Methods: Oil–water adsorption experiments, kinetic modeling.
Findings: 10% Fe3O4 loading removed 82% oil in 10 min; adsorption fits pseudo-first order (physisorption).
Recommendation: Eco-friendly method for oil spill remediation.
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3. Authors: Abiyev, Y., Mukhtarova, S., Muradova, A., Markova, L.M., Hasanova, G.
Focus: Freshwater algae diversity in Samur-Yalama National Park (Azerbaijan).
Methods: Seasonal survey of algal taxa and water chemistry.
Findings: 46 taxa recorded (mostly new); clean, oxygen-rich streams; nutrients shape communities.
Recommendation: Use as baseline data for conservation and monitoring.
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4. Authors: Humbatov, F.Y., Solut, H.A.N., Aslanova, G.F., Balayev, V.
Focus: Radioactive, heavy metal, and pesticide contamination in Okchuchay & Basitchay rivers (Azerbaijan).
Methods: Gamma spectrometry, AAS, gas chromatography.
Findings: Pollution threatens agriculture and drinking water.
Recommendation: Immediate monitoring, pollution reduction, ecological restoration.
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5. Authors: Maeyouf, H., Afifi, R.A., Temraz, T.A., Ali, I., Imanova, G.T.
Focus: Heavy metals in Libyan coasts (Susah & Tobruk).
Methods: Sediment, seawater, fish analyses.
Findings: High cadmium/lead in Susah; bioaccumulation in fish.
Recommendation: Urgent pollution management.
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6. Authors: Gadirova, E.M., Kurbanova, R.V., Asadova, I., Habibova, A.G., Suleymanova, E.I.
Focus: Oil refinery wastewater and Caspian Sea pollution.
Methods: Analysis of PAHs and heavy metals.
Findings: Some PAHs exceed safe limits; industrial effluents pose risks.
Recommendation: Stricter wastewater control.
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7. Authors: Teymurova, V.E., Abdullayeva, S., Muradova, K., Aslanova, M.M., Bayramli, M.
Focus: Environmental challenges and economic impacts in Azerbaijan.
Methods: Policy and economic analysis.
Findings: Environmental degradation undermines competitiveness.
Recommendation: Invest in human capital, education, and green technologies.
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8. Authors: Aliyev, S.I., Ahmadova, K., Suleymanov, S., Abdurrahmanova, Z., Farzali, S.
Focus: Zoobenthos biodiversity in Yalama River (Azerbaijan).
Methods: Field sampling (2020–2023).
Findings: 53 species identified; bioindicators of water quality.
Recommendation: Biodiversity monitoring for ecological health.
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9. Authors: Huseynova, G., Valiyeva, A., Tahmezli, E., Surkhayli, S., Tahmezli, M.
Focus: GIS and remote sensing for water quality in Guba-Khachmaz (Azerbaijan).
Methods: GIS modeling, multivariate analysis, GEE tools.
Findings: Climate change impacts mapped effectively.
Recommendation: Expand GIS-based water resource planning.
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10. Authors: Abduvalieva, M.J., Turaev, K.K., Kasimov, S.A., Ismailov, E.H., Nomozov, A.K.
Focus: Polymer ion exchanger for heavy metal removal.
Methods: Thermal & IR analysis, adsorption isotherms.
Findings: Effective sorption of Ni(II), Co(II), Cu(II); stable polymer.
Recommendation: Potential sorbent for wastewater treatment.
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11. Authors: Maeyouf, H., Afifi, R.A., Temraz, T.A., Ali, I., Imanova, G.T.
Focus: Heavy metals along Benghazi coast (Libya).
Methods: Seawater, sediments, marine life testing.
Findings: High cadmium; mussels/fish bioaccumulate metals.
Recommendation: Strengthen wastewater treatment and monitoring.
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12. Authors: Humbatov, F.Y., Ibrahimov, G., Aslanova, G.F., Karimova, N., Karimbeyli, I.
Focus: Radioecological risks in demined Gubadli region (Azerbaijan).
Methods: Radiation and water quality surveys (64 sites).
Findings: 7.5 µR/h average radiation; unsafe mineral and metal levels in water.
Recommendation: Continuous monitoring, ecological restoration.
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13. Authors: Guliyeva, Z., Maxsudov, S., Garibova, S., Novruzova, S., Guliyev, S.
Focus: Vermicompost + irrigation for tomato growth in clay soil.
Methods: Greenhouse experiment.
Findings: 1.0 t/da vermicompost ↑ yield, soil quality, nutrient content.
Recommendation: Integrate organic fertilizers for sustainable farming.
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14. Authors: Mammadli, S., Khalilov, R.I., Muslumova, Z., Farajov, M., Ismailova, G.
Focus: Araz River pollution impact on soil and water.
Methods: Mass spectrometry, radiometry.
Findings: High molybdenum, copper, manganese; unsafe for humans/livestock.
Recommendation: Pollution control to protect health.
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15. Authors: Aliyeva, S.B., Azizkhanli, S.A.
Focus: Acridine Orange dye toxicity and removal methods.
Methods: Review (1981–2024 studies).
Findings: Adsorption main removal method; electrostatic interactions dominate; regeneration possible.
Recommendation: Advance adsorbent design and computational research.
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16. Authors: Gadirova, E.M., Hajiyeva, S.R., Huseyinli, A.G., Rustamova, U.N.
Focus: Wastewater and Caspian Sea contamination by PAHs/heavy metals.
Methods: Industrial wastewater + seawater sampling.
Findings: Detected dangerous PAH and metal levels.
Recommendation: Strengthen industry regulation.
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17. Authors: Zakiyeva, I.H., Hashimov, A.M., Samadova, U.F., Aligayev, A.K., Hasanova, S.I.
Focus: Innovative wastewater treatment with electrical discharge.
Methods: Mass spectrometry; adsorbent modification via high-voltage discharge.
Findings: Electrical discharge improved sorption efficiency for heavy metals.
Recommendation: Adopt advanced discharge-based methods for sustainable treatment.
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