Sustainable Development Goals at Baku State University.

Students of Baku State University (BSU) have been introduced to the seismological aspects of mud volcano activity during a masterclass held at the Faculty of Geology.

The session was conducted by Sabina Kazimova, Associate Professor and Head of the Department of Earthquake Source Dynamics at the Republican Seismological Service Center under the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences. Her presentation, titled “Seismological Aspects of Mud Volcano Activity: Monitoring Based on a Newly Installed Seismic Network,” was dedicated to Science Day in Azerbaijan.

According to the presentation, out of approximately 2,000 known mud volcanoes worldwide, 365 are located in Azerbaijan and in the Azerbaijani sector of the Caspian Sea. On average, 3–5 mud volcano eruptions are recorded annually in the country.

It was highlighted that in recent years, digital monitoring systems and modern seismic stations have played a crucial role in studying mud volcano activity. These technologies allow for precise measurement of eruption timing, duration, phases, released energy, and depth of geological processes.

The speaker also noted that in 2022, for the first time globally, mud volcano activity was comprehensively analyzed using seismotomography and InSAR technologies. As a result, parameters of 41 mud volcanoes over the past 20 years were recorded and their activity characteristics were thoroughly examined.

The masterclass concluded with discussions, where students’ questions were addressed and the importance of seismological research of mud volcanoes for the advancement of geological science was emphasized.

SDG 4 (Quality Education), SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure), SDG 13 (Climate Action)